卟啉血检

定义

Porphyrins help form many important substances in the body. One of these is hemoglobin. This is the protein in red blood cells that carries oxygen in the blood.

Porphyrins can be measured in the blood or the 尿液. This article discusses the blood test.

选择的名字

Protoporphyrin levels; Porphyrins - total; 粪卟啉 levels; PROTO test

How the Test is Performed

A 血液样本 是必要的.

The sample is then placed in ice and taken immediately to the laboratory. Three porphyrins can normally be measured in small amounts in human blood. 它们是:

• 粪卟啉
• 原卟啉(原型)
• 尿卟啉

Protoporphyrin is normally found in the highest amount. More tests are needed to show the levels of specific porphyrins.

How to Prepare for the Test

You should not eat for 12 to 14 hours before this test. You may drink water right before the test. Your test results may be affected if you do not follow these instructions.

How the Test will Feel

When the needle is inserted to draw blood, some people feel moderate pain. Others feel only a prick or stinging. Afterward, there may be some throbbing or slight bruising. 这很快就会消失.

Why the Test is Performed

This test is used to diagnose 卟啉症. This is a group of rare disorders often passed down through family members.

It may also be used along with other tests to diagnose lead poisoning and certain nervous system and skin disorders.

正常的结果

This test specifically measures total porphyrin levels. 但, reference values (a range of values seen in a group of healthy people) for the individual components are also included:

• Total porphyrin levels: 0 to 1.0 mcg/dL (0 to 15 nmol/L)
• 粪卟啉 level: <2 mcg/dL (<30 nmol/L)
• Protoporphyrin level: 16 to 60 mcg/dL (0.28 to 1.07年µmol / L)
• 尿卟啉 level: <2 mcg/dL (<2.4 nmol / L)

Normal value ranges may vary slightly among different laboratories. Some labs use different measurements or test different samples. Talk to your doctor about the meaning of your specific test results.

What Abnormal Results Mean

Increased levels of coproporphyrins may be a sign of:

• 先天性 erythropoietic porphyria
• 肝coproporphyria
• Sideroblastic贫血
• 使丰富多彩卟啉症

An increased protoporphyrin level may be a sign of:

• Anemia of chronic disease
• 先天性 erythropoietic protoporphyria
• Increased erythropoiesis
• 感染
• 缺铁性贫血
• 铅中毒
• Sideroblastic贫血
• 地中海贫血
• 使丰富多彩卟啉症

An increased uroporphyrin level may be a sign of:

• 先天性 erythropoietic porphyria
• Porphyria cutanea tarda

风险

There is little risk involved with having your blood taken. Veins and arteries vary in size from one person to another, and from one side of the body to the other. Obtaining a 血液样本 from some people may be more difficult than from others.

Other risks associated with having blood drawn are slight, but may include:

• 大出血
• Fainting or feeling lightheaded
• Multiple punctures to locate veins
• Hematoma (blood accumulating under the skin)
• 感染 (a slight risk any time the skin is broken)

参考文献

American porphyria foundation website. Tests for Porphyria Diagnosis. porphyriafoundation.org/for-patients/about-porphyria/testing-for-porphyria/tests-for-porphyria-diagnosis/. Accessed March 27, 2023.

富勒SJ，威利JS. Heme biosynthesis and its disorders: 卟啉症 and sideroblastic anemias. In: Hoffman R, Benz EJ, Silberstein LE, et al, eds. Hematology: Basic Principles and Practice. 8日艾德. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2023:chap 39.