阿基里斯 肌腱 破裂
Overview
A rupture of the 阿基里斯 tendon is a complete or partial tear of the tendon that connects the calf muscles to the heel bone. Usually this occurs just above where the tendon attaches to the heel bone, although it can happen anywhere along the tendon.
阿基里斯 tendons may tear when people who are usually sedentary and have weakened tendons engage in strenuous activity. Tears can also occur in people who have had previous chronic injury to their 阿基里斯 tendons. 肌腱损伤可由过度使用引起, 不恰当的拉伸习惯, 破旧或不合脚的鞋子, 生物力学也很差(扁平足). The risk of tendon rupture is also increased with the use of quinolone antibiotics (e.g. 环丙沙星,Levaquin).
我们处理跟腱断裂的方法
The treatment for a torn 阿基里斯 tendon is usually surgery. In this procedure, the surgeon stitches the ends of the torn tendon together. If the tendon is badly damaged, the surgeon may use another tendon to reinforce the repair.
Our team includes highly trained orthopedic surgeons who specialize in repairing the small tendons and bones of the ankle and foot. Our goals are to relieve pain and restore mobility, so patients can return to their normal lives and the activities they enjoy. 我们提供外科手术和后续护理, medical imaging and physical therapy services one convenient location.
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迹象 & 症状
病人 who suffer an acute rupture of the 阿基里斯 tendon often report hearing a "pop" or "snap." 病人 usually have severe pain in the back of the leg near the heel, 有时伴有肿胀. 另外, because the function of the 阿基里斯 tendon is to enable plantarflexion (bending the foot downward), patients often have difficulty walking or standing up on their toes.
诊断
Other less serious causes of pain in the back of the lower leg include 阿基里斯 tendonitis or bursitis. 区分这些可能性, your physician will take a thorough history and examine your lower leg to look for signs of a rupture. The presence of a defect in the tendon that can be felt, 足底屈曲是虚弱的证据, and a history consistent with 阿基里斯 tendon rupture are usually sufficient for diagnosis. Your physician may also perform a "Thompson test," which consists of squeezing the calf muscles of the affected leg. 跟腱完好无损, the foot will bend downward; however, 肌腱完全断裂, 脚不动了. 在诊断不明确的情况下, your physician may order an MRI of the leg to diagnose a rupture of the 阿基里斯 tendon.
治疗
Unlike other diseases of the 阿基里斯 tendon such as tendonitis or bursitis, 阿基里斯 tendon rupture is usually treated with surgical repair. The surgery consists of making a small incision in the back part of the leg, and using sutures to re-attach the two ends of the ruptured tendon. Depending on the condition of the ends of the ruptured tendon and the amount of separation, the surgeon may use other tendons to reinforce the repair. 手术后, the leg will be immobilized for 6-8 weeks in a walking boot, 投, 撑, 或夹板. 在这段时间之后, patients work with a physical therapist to gradually regain their range of motion and strength. Return to full activity can take quite a long time, usually between 6 months and 1 year.
Non-surgical treatment of 阿基里斯 tendon rupture is usually reserved for patients who are relatively sedentary or may be at higher risk for complications with surgical intervention (due to other associated medical problems). 这包括一段时间的固定, followed by range of motion and strengthening exercises; unfortunately, it is associated with a higher risk of re-rupture of the tendon, and possibly a less optimal functional outcome.
加州大学旧金山分校健康 medical specialists have reviewed this information. It is for educational purposes only and is not intended to replace the advice of your doctor or other health care provider. We encourage you to discuss any questions or concerns you may have with your provider.
