颞下颌的 联合 障碍
Overview
颞下颌的 joint (TMJ) disorders are very common, affecting over 10 million people in the United States. The temporomandibular joint is the small joint located in front of each ear that attaches the lower jaw to the skull. These joints work in combination with various jaw muscles and ligaments, making it possible to open and close the mouth, 咀嚼, 说和咽. When the temporomandibular joints, jaw muscles and ligaments are prevented from working together properly, 可能会出现痛苦的颞下颌关节紊乱.
Although the causes of TMJ disorder are not completely understood, research has shown that certain factors may contribute to the problem. 例如, conditions that affect other joints in the body, 比如关节炎, may cause or aggravate TMJ disorder. Injury, trauma or grinding the teeth during sleep may also lead to the condition. 除了, displacement or dislocation of the disc that's located between the jawbone and socket may cause TMJ.
UCSF's oral and maxillofacial surgeons offer a full range of diagnostic services, as well as surgical and non-surgical treatments for TMJ disorders. 病人 also have access to our Orofacial Pain Center, which specializes in conditions that cause orofacial pain, 比如TMJ. 除了疼痛管理, services offered include relaxation techniques, 生物反馈与针灸.
奖 & 识别
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Among the top hospitals in the nation
迹象 & 症状
Symptoms of TMJ disorders may include:
- 耳朵疼痛
- 下颌疼痛或压痛
- Clicking, grating or popping noises when opening the mouth
- 头痛和颈部疼痛
诊断
Diagnosing TMJ disorders is often complex and therefore should be conducted by oral and maxillofacial surgeons — experts in the field of the mouth, 牙齿和下颚. An accurate diagnosis of TMJ is very important before starting a treatment plan.
Proper diagnosis begins with a detailed medical history and physical, including careful assessment of your teeth and function of your jaw joints and muscles.
想象测试，比如 x射线 of your 牙齿和下颚 may be taken. In some cases, a "cast" of your teeth may be made to see how your bite fits together.
治疗
There are a variety of treatments available for TMJ disorders, ranging from pain medications and relaxation techniques to splints and surgery. Depending on the severity and type of your problem, your doctor will select which treatment is most effective for you.
加州大学旧金山分校, a physical therapist is also available on-site to provide physical therapy services designed for patients suffering from TMJ.
Splints — also called mouth guards — are used to treat teeth grinding, clenching and TMJ disorders. They are made of plastic and either fit over your upper or lower teeth. While splints are successful for some people, others may find that they increase pain or become ineffective after a period of time. If this is the case, you should stop wearing it.
In severe cases and if non-surgical therapies have not worked, surgery may be recommended. Surgery may involve repairing damaged tissue or joints, during a procedure known as arthroscopy.
Other treatments provided at UCSF include:
- 疼痛管理疗法
- 针灸
- 放松技巧
- 生物反馈
加州大学旧金山分校健康 medical specialists have reviewed this information. It is for educational purposes only and is not intended to replace the advice of your doctor or other health care provider. We encourage you to discuss any questions or concerns you may have with your provider.
